Digital Video Resolution
Is one of the specifications that is often displayed, but not really understood. Movies will tout themselves as 1080i, 720p, 1080p, but this alone does not provide the complete picture. These resolution numbers are lines of resolution along the horizontal; for example, a picture with a resolution of 1080 will have 1,080 lines running across the horizontal of the screen.
The Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) is an international, non-profit membership organization developing standards for digital television implementation. The ATSC Digital TV Standards include digital high definition television (HDTV), standard definition television (SDTV), data broadcasting, multichannel surround-sound audio, and satellite direct-to-home broadcasting.
High Definition Television (HDTV)High definition television has a resolution of approximately twice that of conventional television in both the horizontal (H) and vertical (V) dimensions. There are two formats of resolution within HDTV signals, which are:
1080 horizontal lines with 1920 pixels per line — This is available in both interlaced and progressively scanned at a varying number for frame rates. Blu-ray movies are provided in this resolution in progressively scanned format with 24 frames per second. Most digital cable and satellite companies provide movies in this resolution, but in an interlaced format and at frame rate of 25 (in countries with 50 Hz power) and 30 (in countries with 60 Hz power). Figure 2 shows a video signal at a resolution of 1080 lines in an interlaced format. 720 horizontal lines with 1280 pixels per line — This resolution is available in both interlaced and progressively scanned formats at a number of frame rates. This standard is not commonly used by broadcasters.Figure 2. 1080i HDTV Video Signal
Total ResolutionAlthough a signal is described as 1080, which indicates it has 1,080 horizontal lines of resolution and 1920 pixels per line, it is, in fact, 2200 horizontal lines with 1125 pixels per line. This extra information is not displayed on the screen, but used for ancillary information. This information includes digital audio and closed captioning.
SummaryDigital video resolution has changed greatly due to changes in technology during the history of digital video. It started with the same resolution as analog, but has progressed as technology allowed. Currently Blu-ray films are commonly released in 1080p at 24 frames per second, while television broadcast is commonly 1080i at 25 or 30 frames per second. It is ultimately up to broadcasters to determine what resolution they will adopt. Most broadcasters provide SDTV signals for the vast majority of their channels, and then offer HDTV signals as a paid upgrade.
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